大量及微量元素对胡麻幼苗生长发育的影响

Effects of major and trace elements on growth and development of flax seedlings

以‘张亚2号’胡麻种子为试验材料,采用沙培盆栽的方法,以霍格兰全价营养液为对照,以全价营养液中分别缺少N、P、K、Mg、S、Ca、Fe、B、Mn、Cl、Zn、Cu、Mo元素为13个处理,进行了单因素试验,探讨大量及微量元素对胡麻幼苗生长发育的影响.结果表明:所有处理对胡麻幼苗子叶大小、真叶数目、株高、茎粗、干物质积累、侧根长度和条数均有一定程度的影响.B元素对胡麻幼苗叶片的影响较显著,缺B处理的植株子叶大而浓绿,真叶数目大于CK;S元素对胡麻幼苗株高的影响显著,4叶期时,缺S处理的株高为CK的62%;各元素对胡麻幼苗茎粗的影响不显著;B、Cl、Zn和Mo元素对胡麻幼苗侧根的影响显著,4叶期时,缺B、Cl和Mo处理的植株侧根长度分别为CK侧根长度的548.4%、267.7%、358.4%,6叶期时,缺Zn处理的植株侧根长度仅为CK侧根长度的12.1%;N和B元素对胡麻幼苗鲜质量和干质量的影响显著,8叶期时,缺N和B处理的干质量分别为CK干质量的251.3%、319.7%.

Single factor test was carried out to study the impact of major and trace elements on growth and development of flax seedlings.Flax seedlings of ＇Zhangya No.2＇ were taken as materials,and were cultured with sand in pot,meanwhile,they were fed with Hoagland nutrient solution and Hoagland nutrient solution lack of N,P,K,Mg,S,Ca,Fe,B,Mn,Cl,Zn,Cu,Mo respectively.The results showed that each nutrient deficiency influenced the lateral root length and number,cotyledon size,leaf number,plant height,stem diameter and dry matter accumulation of the flax seedlings.The effects of boron on flax seedling leave was significant,under the treatment of boron deficiency,the cotyledons were dark green,leave number was greater than CK.Sulfur deficiency significantly influenced flax seedling height,in four-leaf stage,seedling height was 62% of CK.Each element did not show significant effect on flax seedling stem diameter.Boron,chlorine,zinc and molybdenum deficiency significantly influenced lateral roots of flax seedlings,in four-leaf stage,lateral root length under these treatments were 548.4%,267.7%,358.4% of CK,in six-leaf stage,lateral root length of zinc deficiency was only 12.1% of CK.Nitrogen and boron deficiency significantly improved fresh weight and dry weight of flax seedlings,dry weights of flax seedlings were 251.3% and 319.7% of CK in eight-leave stage.