磁流体管流的层流与湍流模型数值模拟

Numerical simulation of MHD duct flow about laminar and turbulence model

采用FLUENT软件分别对外加均匀横向磁场的等截面三维充分发展液态金属管流的层流模型和低雷诺数湍流Lam/Bremhost(LB)模型进行了数值模拟,分析了外加磁场对普通方管LB模型速度分布和压降的影响。比较在相同哈特曼数下,层流和湍流模型方管截面上速度分布和管道中MHD压降。其中,对电流的计算采用磁感应方程来求得。数值模拟结果证明了用低雷诺数LB湍流模型解决方管磁流体流动的可行性。通过层流模型和湍流模型的对比可知,层流模型有较短的入口长度,但管内流体的压降却很大;而湍流模型管内速度更加平均化,管内压降较小,但管内入口长度较长。

The numerical analysis of full-developed flow of a liquid metal in a rectangular duct of constant cross-section with a uniform transverse magnetic field was proceeded in laminar and low-Reynolds number Lam/Bremhost turbulence model （for short LB model） using FLUENT software. The paper analyzed the influence of external magnetic field for velocity distribution and MHD pressure drop in turbulence model. Under the same Hartmann number conductions, the paper compared the velocity distribution and MHD pressure drop of laminar model and turbulent model. The solution of current density was obtained by means of induced magnetic field formulation. The result of numerical simulation proved that this was a feasible scheme to use the low-Reynolds LB turbulence model to calculate MHD duct flow. Comparison between laminar model and turbulent model show that laminar model made shorter entrance length, but the pressure drop in the duct increased. Turbulent model had more average speed and smaller pressure drop, but entrance length was longer.