城市污泥资源化利用现状及发展探讨

Research on Development and Utilization of Municipal Sewage Sludge

随着城市污泥产量连年增长,污泥处理问题迫在眉睫。由于用地日益紧张和潜在的环境污染问题,传统的处置方法如填埋已经不符合发展要求。作为污水处理厂的伴生产物,污泥含有大量有机物、氮、磷等营养物质,经过适当处理,可以变废为宝。因此,资源化利用是解决污泥问题的主要发展趋势。通过分析国内外城市污泥的处置现状,对污泥资源化技术进行了分类,并就污泥在土地利用、建材利用、能源利用和其他方面的应用进行了详细综述,同时还分析了资源化利用存在的问题,指出污泥资源化利用和发展需要因地制宜、合理开发,需要继续提高工艺水平,推进技术创新,完善政策法规。

With the continuously increasing production of municipal sewage sludge, sludge treatment is imperative. Due to the significant decreasing of land for sludge disposal and the potential environmental problems, the traditional disposal method is not suitable for development request. Sludge is the associate product of sewage treatment plant, which contains a large number of organic matter, nitrogen and phosphorus; therefore sludge could be reusable after appropriate treatments. Utilization is the primary trend to solve the sludge problem. In this paper, the present situation of sewage sludge disposal is introduced, and the technical utilization solutions for sludge disposal are classified, including the applications of land, building material, energy, and other aspects. The factors affecting the utilization are also analyzed. Furthermore, the reasonable utilization based on local circumstances, persistent innovations of technologies and improvement of policies would act as the impetus for the sludge utili- zation in China.