大蒜花苞的生物反应器扩繁

Micro-propagation of Garlic Seedlings with Buds in a Temporary Immersion Bioreactor

利用间歇浸没式生物反应器对大蒜花苞进行培养,研究了不同外植体类型对大蒜种苗生长的影响,并与传统固体培养方式进行了比较,随后对得到的微型鳞茎进行驯化栽培研究。结果表明：（1）不同生长阶段的大蒜外植体进行60 d的培养,反应器中Ⅱ型（固体培养基培养20 d的花苞）每个容器鳞茎数（942.40个）和增殖系数（23.56）均是Ⅰ型（新鲜花苞）的1.15倍;Ⅱ型每个容器生物量（8.82 g）和平均鲜重（0.22 g）均是Ⅰ型的1.1倍。因此,Ⅱ型比Ⅰ型花苞更适合作为间歇浸没式生物反应器培养的外植体。（2）生物反应器培养的外植体每个容器生物量（8.48 g）是固体培养基培养的70.67倍,平均鲜重（0.26 g）是后者的4.33倍,增殖系数（21.22）是后者的4.21倍,每个容器鳞茎数（848.80个）是后者的84.37倍。因此,间歇浸没式生物反应器培养方式优于固体培养基培养方式。（3）将生物反应器培养得到的微型鳞茎按照直径大小分为①型,4.0～6.0 mm;②型,3.0～4.0 mm;③型,〈3.0 mm。直径大小为3.0~4.0 mm的鳞茎,即②型发芽率最高,为68.11%,生根率和存活率分别为57.83%和85.73%,是水培鳞茎的适宜类型。利用育苗盘进行栽培,同样得到直径大小为3.0~4.0 mm的鳞茎表现最佳,其发芽率最高,为60.43%,生根率和存活率分别为58.43%和89.33%,鳞茎苗生长状态最好,是鳞茎栽培的适宜类型。

A temporary immersion bioreactor（TIB） was used for micro-propagation of garlic seedlings from ripe buds.The suitable explants of garlic buds and growth situations of the explants after cultivation were studied respectively,with comparison of temporary immersion bioreactor and traditional tissue culture of which the explants were cultured on a solid medium.The following results were obtained.（1）The biomass production of garlic bulblets from type Ⅱ was 8.82g,the number of garlic bulblets from type Ⅱ was 942.40,and propagation rate of garlic bulblets from type Ⅱ was 23.56,the weight of type Ⅱwas 0.22g.The result was that type Ⅱ was more suitable for TIB cultures than typeⅠ.（2） The number（848.80） of garlic seedlings in TIB cultures was 84.37 multiplier than those in solid culture,propagation rate（21.22） of garlic seedlings in TIB cultures was 4.21 multiplier,the biomass production（8.48g） of garlic seedlings in TIB cultures was 70.67 multiplier,and fresh weight（0.26g） on average of garlic seedlings in TIB cultures was 4.33 multiplier.The result was that TIB cultures were much better than solid culture.（3） Classify the bulblets as the diameter ： ①,4.0～6.0 mm;②,3.0～4.0 mm;③,3.0 mm.In the hydroponics,the germinating capacity of type ② was 68.11 percent;the rooting rate and survival rate were 57.83 percent and 85.73 percent respectively.The diameter of 3.0~4.0 mm bulblets was appropriate for the hydroponics.Thereafter garlic seedlings were transferred in the seedling trays,the germinating capacity of type ② was 60.43 percent,rooting rate and survival rate were 58.43 percent and 89.33 percent respectively.In conclusion,the temporary immersion bioreactor was suitable for production of garlic seedlings;type ② was suitable for hydroponics and planting.