赴苏丹维和部队多种疫苗群体性密集接种不良反应情况研究

Research on Adverse Reactions of Dense-vaccination in the United Nations Peacekeeping Forces to Sudan

[目的]探讨在赴苏丹维和部队中实施多种疫苗群体性密集接种的不良反应发生情况,为后续维和部队疫苗接种种类和科学安排接种时间间隔提供科学依据。[方法]选择2007年9月至2008年6月赴苏丹执行维和任务运输、医疗分队全体人员,采取跟随维和保障观察、个人报告和每天询问方式,收集维和人员接种后不良反应情况。[结果]有43例接种者(占26.54%)发生不良反应,其中14.20%(23例)为局部反应,11.72%(19例)为全身反应,0.62%(1例)同时出现局部和全身反应。局部反应疼痛一般48h消失,但疼痛伴红肿、硬结消失时间最长7d。全身症状除胃肠道症状最长72h消失,其他大部分48h内消失。对单种疫苗来说,口服OCV反应率最高(4.94%),且全部为胃肠反应。[结论]应急状态下维和部队多种疫苗群体性密集接种是可行的;但接种疫苗的种类有待进一步科学论证。维和人员接种维和任务区高度流行的传染病疫苗是必要的,对降低维和人员传染病的发病率起到关键作用。

[Objective]To estimate adverse reactions of dense-vaccination in the United Nations Peacekeepers, so as to provide the scientific basis for the kinds of vaccine,vaccination schedule of dense-vaccination to the flow-up United Nations Peacekeepers. [Methods]Subjects were enrolled into the transport corps and medical team who were going to participate in the UN peace-keeping operations to Sudan during September 2007-June 2008. All vaccine recipients＇ adverse effect was recorded for statistical analysis after dense-vaccination. [Results]Side effect occurred in 43 cases of all enrolled vaccine recipients （26.54 %）,including 23 cases of the local reaction （14.20 %）, 19 cases of systemic reaction, 1 case of the local reaction complicated by systemic reaction （0.62 %）. Region pain disappeared in 48 hours and region pain complicated by red swelling,indurations of the skin disappeared in 7 days. Gastrointestinal symptom disappeared in 72 hours and other systemic reaction disappeared in 48 hours. For one vaccine, such as OCV, the incidence of adverse effect was higher by taking orally,and all adverse reactiorLs were gastrointestinal symptoms. [Conclusion]Dense-vaccination in the United Nations Peacekeeping Forces under stress is safe and feasible,nevertheless the kinds of vaccine still should be further demonstrated. General vaccination leads to substantial health benefits and a reduction of incidence from all causes in the Peacekeepers,especially in affected area.