器官捐献意愿影响因素的调查

Investigation of influential factors for aspiration of organ donation

目的了解影响住院患者的死亡后器官捐献意愿的因素。方法 2009年12月到2010年6月期间在昆明市第一人民医院住院患者中随机选择1000例进行问卷调查,包括一般情况(性别、年龄、学历)、对脑死亡概念的认知及死亡后器官捐献的意愿。根据问卷调查结果采用Logistic回归分析死亡后器官捐献意愿的影响因素。结果共发出调查表1000份,现场回收973份,其中合格调查表906份,合格率93.1%。906例患者中,有308例(34.0%)接受脑死亡概念,有454例(50.1%)愿意死亡后进行器官捐献。男性患者有54.9%(231/421)愿意死亡后进行器官捐献,高于女性患者的46.0%(223/485);大学本科以上学历的患者中有54.8%(182/332)愿意死亡后进行器官捐献,高于大学本科以下学历患者的47.4%(272/574);接受脑死亡概念的患者有66.6%(205/308)愿意死亡后进行器官捐献,高于不接受脑死亡概念患者的41.6%(249/598),比较差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01或P<0.05)。经Logistic回归分析,结果显示,性别、学历、脑死亡概念认知是影响患者器官捐献意愿的因素(优势比分别为0.667、0.789和2.654),差异有统计学意义(P<0.01、P<0.05和P<0.01)。结论男性、大学本科以上学历、接受脑死亡概念的人群更倾向于死亡后进行器官捐献,加强脑死亡概念和器官捐献的宣传教育,有助于提高死亡后器官捐献率。

Objective To study the factors influencing the aspiration for organ donation after death in hospitalized patients. Methods One thousand patients in the First People＇s Hospital of Kunmiug from December 2009 to June 2010 were randomly-selected and were surveyed about general information （ gender, age, education backgroud）, perception of brain death, and aspiration for organ donation after death, The influential factors of aspiration for organ donation after death were analyzed by Logistic regression according to the questionnaire results. Results A total of 1 000 questionnaires were sent to the patients with 973 taken back. And 906 questionnaires were qualified. The qualified rate was 93. 1%. Three hundred and eight patients （34. 0% ） accepted the brain death conception and 454 patients （50. life ） were willing to donate organs after death. 54. 9% （231/421） of the male patients were willing to donate, which was significantly higher than the females （46. 0%, 223/485）. And 54. 8% （182/332） of the patients with college and above education backgroud were willing to donate their organs after death, which was higher than the patients with lower education background（47.4% ,272/574）. And 66.6% （205/308） of the patients who accepted brain death conception were willing to donate their organs after death, which was higher than the patients who does not accept brain death conception （41.6% , 249/598）. There were significant differences（ P 〈 0.01 or P 〈 0.05 ） in all these risk factors. According to the Logistic regression analysis, gender, education background and perception of brain death were the influential factors for patients＇ aspiration for organ donation （odds ratio 0. 667, 0. 789, 2. 654） with significant differences （ P 〈 0. 01, P 〈 0. 05 and P 〈 0. 01 ）. Conclusions Males, people with college and above education background, and people accepted brain death conception are more willing to donate organs after death. To enhance the education of brain death conception and organ donation is helpful in improving the organ donating rate.