气候变化对草原畜牧业的影响以及适应性政策分析

The Impacts of Climate Change on Grassland Husbandry Industry and the Analysis of Adaptive Policies to Climate Change

为了治理草场退化问题,中国政府实施了草场承包、草畜平衡、退耕还林还草、禁牧、轮牧、休牧以及生态移民等政策,这些政策是基于牧区人口过多、草场超载导致了草场退化的认识而制定的。在气候变化,例如干旱对草原畜牧业和牧民产生不利影响条件下,需要重新审视政策的有效性,需要重新思考人、草、畜关系,确立牧民成为保护草原的主体。

Chinese government adopts many regulations and policies such as the reform of property rights of grassland, Grass - livestock balance poliey, grain for green p forbid grazing, rotation grazing, deferred grazing and ecological migration. All of the regulations and policies mentioned above are based on the understanding that over population and over grazing instead of climate change result in the grassland deterioration. Actually, drought is detrimental to both the grassland livestock industry and herdsmen. It is time for us to evaluate the effectiveness of the policies. And it is also time for us to re - define the relationship among population, grassland and livestock. The new measures aim to keep the herdsmen as the principle players to protect the grassland.