低山丘陵区野鼠最适生境及有关问题探讨

A Study on Optimal Habitats for Wild Rats in Hilly Areas

目的 :摸清低山丘陵区野鼠特别是黑线姬鼠的最适生境 ,为有的放矢进行鼠害防治提供科学依据。方法 :在调查的样方内将梯堰 (石堰、土堰 )、坟地划为一种生境 ,麦田、春地划为一种生境 ,用夹夜法分别调查统计两种生境的鼠种及密度。结果 :梯堰、坟地的面积占总面积的 1/10 ,鼠密度 ( 4 .2 5% )较麦田、春地 ( 0 .83% )高 4 .12倍。结论 :梯堰、坟地为低山丘陵区野鼠的最适生境 ,应予重点灭鼠 ,可节省大量药物及人工 ,对有效控制肾综合征出血热的流行亦有重要意义。

Objective: To find out optimal habitats for wild rats, especially for A.agrarius, so as to provide scientific data for rodent control. Methods: In the surveyed area, slope weirs (stone, earth) and graveyards were classified as one habitat, wheat fields and spring fields as the other. The night trapping method was used to determine the rat species and density in the two different habitats. Results: The rat density was 4.25% in slope weirs and graveyards, 0.83% in wheat and spring fields. The rat density was 4.12 times higher in the former than that in the latter. The slope weirs and graveyards covered 1/10 of the total area. Conclusion: Slope weirs and graveyards are optimal habitats for wild rats in hilly area. Deratization in optimal habitats can save a great deal of rodenticide and labour and can achieve better effect. It is of great significance and academic value for effective rodent control and Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrem control to find out optimal habitats for wild rats in hilly areas.