高亲和力谷氨酸转运体

High Affinity Glutamate Transporters

高亲和力谷氨酸转运体主要位于神经元和胶质细胞的细胞膜上 ,能逆浓度梯度从胞外向胞内摄取谷氨酸 ,中止谷氨酸能传递 ,使胞外谷氨酸浓度保持在较低水平 ,以保护神经元不受谷氨酸的毒性影响。近年来 ,随着高亲和力谷氨酸转运体的克隆 ,有关研究迅速发展。本文从高亲和力谷氨酸转运体的克隆、分子结构特征、表达分布、生理功能、结构

High affinity glutamate transporters are located predominantly in the plasma membrane of neurons and glial cells. They have the capacity to take up glutamate from the extracellular space into the cells against its concentration gradient to terminate glutamatergic transmission and to keep the extracellular glutamate concentration at low levels to protect neurons from glutamate toxicity. As glutamate transporters were recently cloned, the research in this field has been greatly advancing. This article focuses on recent progress in the study of molecular structure, distribution of expression, physiological significance, structure function relationships of these transporters.