大熊猫生命表及相关数据指标的修订

AMENDMENT ON THE LIFE TABLE AND RELEVANT DATUM INDICATORS OF GIANT PANDA

198 9年魏辅文等根据野外获得的大熊猫头骨标本及其牙齿切片的年龄鉴定 ,编制出大熊猫的生命表。该生命表编制的局限性引起了争议 (Harris等 ,1993)。因此 ,根据岷山和邛崃两大山系野生大熊猫年龄结构观察值 ,结合所获大熊猫头骨标本的年龄结构 ,在分析论证岷山、邛崃两大山系的大熊猫有稳定的年龄结构的基础上 ,运用动物种群年龄分布密度函数关系式f(x) =βe-βx (侯万儒等 ,1998)计算出各年龄大熊猫在种群中所占的百分率 ,然后综合已有的研究资料 ,对大熊猫生命表及相关数据指标进行了修订 ,得出了大熊猫种群的平均期望寿命为 3 995岁 ,半岁后 ,平均寿命为 ( 10 36± 1 15 )岁 ;净生殖率 (R0 )为 1 0 5 734;平均世代时间 (T)为 12 15 6年 ,内禀增长率 (rm)为 0 0 0 45 90 33;周限增长率 (λ)为 1 0 0 46 0 0 40的结论。

The life table of the giant panda was suggested by WEI Fu Wen in 1989,who mainly based on the skull specimen collected in field and the result of age determination through incisor sections of known age panda specimen.However,in a review of recent literature.We noted 3 errors in analyses,all of which may lead to erroneous inferences (Harris et al .,1993),Therefore.According to the data on the age structures of wild giant pandas in Mingshan and Qinglai Mountains,and the age structure derived from the analysis on the skull specimen as well as the stable age structure in the giant panda populations in the two mountains,the proportions of the giant panda in different classes are calculated by using the relative equation of distribution density function on the ages of animal populations: f ( x )=βe -β x (Hou et al .,1998).Then,the life table of the giant panda and its relevant numerical indexes were amended through synthesizing the research data and the main conclusions as follows: The mean life expectancy:3 995 years.After a half year of living.The mean life span increase to (10 36±1 15) years.The net reproductive rate ( R 0):1 05734.The mean time of per generation ( T ):12 156 years.The intrinsic rate of natural increase ( r m):0 00459033.The finite rate of increase (λ):1 00460040.