碳减排领域内“共同但有区别责任原则”的历史性辩驳

Historic Rebuttal on “Common but Differentiated Responsibility Principle” in the Field of Carbon Reduction

针对共同但有区别责任的历史性,在2011年南非德班气候大会上西方发达国家又提出新的观点,即:根据排放当时的科学技术水平,二氧化碳会引起全球气候变暖从而威胁人类生存并不为人类所知,并且当时排放温室气体的主体已经消逝,所以由发达国家承担量化减排责任缺乏法律依据。发达国家这一论点的本质在于逃避发达国家在历史上所欠下的气候债。无论从正义论的角度还是从国际环境责任归责原则的角度出发,发达国家的论点都是无法成立的。解决气候变化问题,国家自愿、有限主权让渡应当代替国家间博弈。

Aiming at the historic of the common but differentiated responsibility principle, a few Western developed countries presented their viewpoint at the UN Conference on World Climate held in South Africa, 2011.They proposed that carbon dioxide would not cause climate change and threaten human beings according to the scientific and technological level; in addition, the early emission ones died before; so there＇s no legal reason for them to assume extra liability. The essence of this argument is to evade historic debts on climate. This argument is untenable neither from the principle of liability rules on international environmental responsibility nor from the theory of justice. To solve climate change problem, nations should demise part of their sovereign voluntarily instead of gaming.