红富士苹果控冠改形技术研究与应用

Research and Application of Crown Control and Reshape Technology on Red Fuji Apple

20世纪80年代栽培的"红富士"苹果,大面积推广乔砧密植(3m×4m)和轻剪长放多留枝的整形修剪技术,达到了树体快速成形和早期结果的水平。但随之出现了枝量过大、甩放过多过长、结果部位外移,果实品质下降等问题。因此,研究与应用红富士苹果"控冠改形"技术,进行适时、适度的间伐,调节生长与结果、产量与品质的关系,实现大中小枝组的合理搭配,高中低枝错落有序的树体结构,严格进行疏花、疏果,控制枝、叶、果比等,成为红富士苹果健康发展的重要课题。

In 1980s,the cultivation of ＂Red Fuji＂ apples, large area of Joe stock compact planting （3m ＊ 4m） and light cut,long release and the branch pruning techniques were promoted, and thus the tree body was rapidly prototyped and early fructi- fied. Following that, branch was too large, too much, too long, fructified place, and the fruit quality decreased. Therefore, the research and application of ＂Red Fuji apple＂ crown control and reshape ＂ technology, to moderate thinning, regulate growth and fruits, the relationship between yield and quality, realize the medium - sized small group of reasonable collocate on, high, middle and low bran- ches scattered orderly structure of tree, flower thinning, thinning fruit strict control, branch, leaf, fruit ratio, becomes an important topic for the healthy development of Red Fuji apple.