针对性:易混淆词辨析词典的研编要则

Pertinence: A Fundamental Principle for Compiling a Dictionary of Confused Words

易混淆词辨析是为解决学习者词语混淆问题所实施的诊疗性辨析,因此,研编面向第二语言学习者的易混淆词辨析词典应将"针对性"作为根本原则。文章从辨哪些词、为谁辨、是否辨、辨什么、怎样辨等方面阐述了易混淆词辨析词典"针对性"理念的主要内涵,尝试提炼"针对性"辨析的实施办法。在论证过程中,文章始终以同义词词典的功能定位和辨析模式为参照,强调易混淆词辨析与同义词辨析的本质差异,以期促使对外汉语教学中的易混淆词辨析真正从本体性辨析转向诊疗性辨析。

Discrimination of confused words is diagnostic in nature, which renders the prin- ciple of pertinence fundamental for compiling dictionaries intended for second language learners. This paper elaborates pertinence from five aspects： what words to be discriminated, for whom, whether to discriminate, what to discriminate and how to discriminate. While maintaining the functional orientation and referring to the discrimination model of synonym dictionaries, we attach importance to the fundamental differences between discrimination of confused words and that of synonyms, with a view to prompting CSL learners to transfer from the traditional model to the diag- nostic model of word discrimination.