3Martin WE, Loewenson RB, Resch JA, et al. Parkinson's disease: clinical analysis of 100 patients[J]. Neurology, 1973, 23(8) : 783-790.
4Aarsland D, Andersen K, Larsen JP, et al. Risk of dementia in Parkinson's disease: a community-based, prospective study [J]. Neurology, 2001,56 (6) : 730-736.
5de Lau LM, Schipper CM, Hofman A, et al. Prognosis of Parkinson disease: risk of dementia and mortality., the Rotterdam Study[J]. Arch Neurol,2005,62(8)..1265-1269.
6Hobson P, Meara J. Risk and incidence of dementia in a cohort of older subjects with Parkinson's disease in the United Kingdom[J]. Mov Disord,2004,19(9) : 1043-1049.
7Marder K, Tang MX, Cote L, et al. The frequency and associated risk factors for dementia in patients with Parkinson's disease[J]. Arch Neurol, 1995,52 (7) : 695-701.
8Hely MA, Morris JG, Reid WG, et al. Sydney multicenter study of Parkinson's disease: non-L-dopa-responsive problems dominate at 15 years[J]. Mov Disord,2005,20(2) : 190-199.
9Reid WG, Hely MA,Morris JG, et al. A longitudinal study of Parkinson's disease: clinical and neuropsychological correlates of dementia[J]. J Clin Neurosci, 1996,3(4) : 327-333.
10Hely MA, Reid WG, Adena MA, et al. The Sydney multicenter study of Parkinson's disease: the inevitability of dementia at 20 years[J]. Mov Disord,2008,23(6) :837-844.
3Petersen RC, Smith GE, Waring SC, et al. Mild cognitive impair- ment: clinical characterization and outcome [J]. Arch Neurol, 1999, 56(3): 303-308.
4Lewis SJ, Slabosz A, Robbins TW, et al. Dopaminergic basis for def- icits in working memory but not attentional set-shifting in Parkin- son's disease [J]. Neuropsychologia, 2005, 43(6): 823-832.
5Tervo S, K.ivipelto M, Hanninen T, et al. Incidence and risk factors for mild cognitive impairment: a population-based three-year fol- low-up study of cognitively healthy elderly subjects [J]. Dement (3criatr Cogn Disord, 2004, 17(3): 196-203.
6史玉全,周孝达.实用神经病学[M].第4版.上海:上海科学技术出版社,2006:627-635.
7Daniel P. Perl,C. Warren Olanow.The Neuropathology of Manganese-Induced Parkinsonism[J].Journal of Neuropathology and Experimental Neurology.2007(8)
8Jay M. Gorell,Edward L. Peterson,Benjamin A. Rybicki,Christine Cole Johnson.Multiple risk factors for Parkinson’s disease[J].Journal of the Neurological Sciences.2003(2)