夏季池塘养殖中华绒螯蟹生态系统温室气体排放及综合增温潜势

Greenhouse gases emissions from pond culture ecosystem of Chinese mitten crab and their comprehensive global warming potentials in summer

为探讨夏季池塘养殖中华绒螯蟹(河蟹)系统温室气体的排放规律及综合增温潜势,采用静态暗箱-气相色谱法对池塘养殖河蟹生态系统温室气体(CO2、CH4、N2O)的排放进行原位测定。结果显示,夏季河蟹养殖池塘均表现为CO2、CH4和N2O的源,其中CH4夏季排放量达(42.62±9.55～95.09±10.89)g/m2,CO2排放量达(6.91±2.18～12.52±3.11)g/m2,N2O有微弱排放;夏季河蟹池塘保持一定的水生植物覆盖能显著减少CO2/CH4的排放,较无水草种植区域,减少CO2排放52.47 g/m2,减少CH4排放5.61 g/m2,对N2O排放无显著性影响;种植水生植物减缓综合温室效应的潜力是不种植水生植物的1.85倍,池塘养殖河蟹生态系统温室气体减排空间巨大。

In order to analyze the seasonal variation characteristics of emissions of CO2, CH4, N20 and evaluate the comprehensive global warming potentials（ GWPs）, fluxes of CO2, CH4 and N20 were measured simultaneously from the culture ponds of Chinese mitten crabs （Eriocheir sinensis）by the closed static opaque chamber-GC techniques. The results showed that the pond ecosystem was the sources of CO2 and CH4 in summer. The total emission of CO2 and CH4 came up to（42.62 ± 9.55 ） - （95.09 ± 10.89 ） g/m^2 ＆ （6.91 ±2.18） - （ 12.52 ±3.11 ） g/m^2 in summer. There was significantly lower emission of CO2/CH4 from the water with aquatic plants than the one without. Compared with the waters without aquatic plants, the aquatic plants can effectively decrease and control the emissions by 52.47 g/m^2 of CO2 and 5.61 g/m^2 of CH4. They are proved to reduce greenhouse gas emission significantly from culture ponds,but no significant effect on the emission of N2PO with aquatic plants. It may decrease global warming potential by 1.85 times contrasted to that without aquatic plants. There may be great potential space of reducing greenhouse gases emission in pond culture of Chinese mitten crabs.