我国地方鸡种遗传多样性研究进展

Research progress of genetic diversity of Chinese local chicken breeds

中国地方鸡种类繁多,研究地方鸡种的遗传多样性,不仅能加强生物多样性的保护,同时对起源、进化、分类鉴定及遗传育种等都有重要意义。分子生物学技术的快速发展为遗传多样性检测提供了更直接、更精确的方法,即直接通过分析DNA水平的序列变化检测动物遗传多样性,DNA分析方法已成为目前最有效的遗传分析方法,避免了根据表型性推断基因型时可能产生的误差。对近3年来中国鸡种在形态学水平、细胞学水平、蛋白质水平、DNA水平上的遗传多样性研究进行综述,为中国优质地方鸡种的培育和选育工作提供参考。

There are many species of local chicken breeds in China. To study the genetic diversity of local chicken breeds, it will not only strengthen the protection of biodiversity, but also have important significance to the origin, evolution, classification, identification and genetic breeding. With the rapid development of molecular biology techniques for genetic diversity, it provided more direct and accurate method, detecting animal genetic diversity by analysing DNA sequence directly. DNA analysis methods has become the most effective method of genetic analysis, avoiding the error generated by phenotypic resistance. Genetic diversity studies on the morphological level, cellular level, protein level and DNA levels of local chicken breeds in China were reviewed to provide reference and basis for quality cultivation of local chicken-breeds and breeding work.