立式玻璃磨边机砂轮离心振动特性分析

Analysis on grinding wheel centrifugal vibration behavior of vertical glass edge grinding machine

针对立式玻璃磨边机砂轮架的结构特点,建立其动力学模型及系统运动微分方程,导出砂轮离心力作用下砂轮架与砂轮振动的稳态响应幅值及其动力放大因子β1、β2的理论计算公式,着重分析砂轮离心力激振下砂轮架及砂轮的振动特性及规律,结果表明:β1、β2的大小和砂轮与砂轮架的质量之比μ、固有频率之比α,砂轮角频率与固有频率之比λ,阻尼比ξ等因素有关;合理选择μ、α、ξ值,可使砂轮与砂轮架具有相同且较小的动力放大因子;避免砂轮工作在λ=0.9～1.1对应的转速范围内,可有效减轻砂轮架及砂轮的振动程度。研究结果突破了现有研究将砂轮轴刚性化处理、试验测试装备复杂等缺陷,具有物理概念清晰、计算简单等特点。

The dynamic model and movement differential equations of the system were established, according to the structural specialty of grinding wheel carriage in vertical glass edge grinding machine. Expressions for steady vibration amplitudes and dynamic amplification factors （β1、β2 ） of grinding wheel carriage and grinding wheel actuated by grinding wheel centrifugal force were educed. Vibration behaviors were analysed. The results indicate that β1 and β2 are related with the mass ratio/x, the natural frequency ratio a of grinding wheel to grinding wheel carriage, the ratio A of grinding wheel angular frequency to natural frequency and damping ratio s~. The grinding wheel and grinding wheel carriage will have a small and equal dynamic amplification factor if reasonably selecting μ、α and ξ values. Vibration amplitudes of grinding wheel carriage and grinding wheel will be reduced greatly when ratio A is taken between 0.9 to 1.1. Research results not only overcome shortcomings of existent methods in which the grinding wheel shaft is considered as rigid and complex equipments are necessary to do the test, but also appear clarity in physical concept and simplification in computation.