社会复合主体:城市公共治理的结构创新——以杭州市城市治理经验为例

Social Composite Subject as an Innovation in Urban Public Governance Structure:Taking the Case of Hangzhou City as Example

当今,城市公共事务治理变得异常复杂,以往城市管理部门许多治理经验已难以适应新的治理情境,于是创新城市治理模式成为必然。在这样背景下,杭州市试图运用社会复合主体模式突破城市治理困局。对于社会复合主体治理创新这一新生事物,人们的认知大多聚焦在理念和价值功能的建构上,而很少关注其隐含的制度结构和关系结构。事实上,通过多案例的分析,我们发现社会复合主体的"共治"结构属性,即平等的关系结构和规范制度结构;而社会复合主体的成功运行也表明"共治"结构的前提是政府前瞻性的理念创新和民主开放的价值取向,而非社会资本和公共精神的充裕程度。

Nowadays,the management of urban public affairs becomes so complex that much of the experience acquired by the government in the past is now facing difficulties in the new situation.Thus urban governance innovation becomes a necessity.In such a context,the City of Hangzhou tries to resolve the dilemma by implementing the mode of social composite subject.However,people focus mainly on the construction of the conception and value of this totally new policy and pay little attention to its underlying institutional structure and relational structure.In fact,through the analysis of many cases,we have found that the social composite subject is characterized by its co-governance structural properties,i.e.equal relational structure and normative institutional structure.The successful operation of the social composite subject shows that co-governance is determined by the fact that the government embraces a forward-looking concept of innovation and an open democratic value orientation,rather than by the adequacy of social capital and the public spirit.