3只红腹锦鸡食管和大肠的显微结构观察

A histological observation of the esophagus and large intestine in Chroysolophus pictus

用组织学方法对 3只红腹锦鸡 (Chroysolophuspictus)食管和大肠进行了显微结构观察 ,结果显示 :红腹锦鸡食管和大肠均由粘膜层、粘膜下层、肌层和外膜 4层结构组成 .食管的粘膜和粘膜下层突入腔内形成几条纵行皱襞 ,上皮为未角化的复层扁平上皮 ,固有膜内有较发达的食管腺 ,粘膜肌为纵行排列的平滑肌 ,粘膜下层相对较薄 ,肌层由内环和外纵行平滑肌组成 .大肠由盲肠和直肠组成 .盲肠的粘膜和粘膜下层形成环状皱襞 ,直肠则无皱襞结构 .从盲肠到直肠 ,绒毛逐渐变得宽短和稀疏 ,未见中央乳糜管 ,肠腺逐渐减小 ,上皮和腺体的细胞之间杯状细胞渐少 ,粘膜下层逐渐不明显 ,淋巴组织由发达到不发达 ,盲肠的粘膜下层的淋巴集结见有生发中心 .将观察结果与其它鸟类进行了比较 .

The esophagus and large intestine of three Chroysolophus pictus are studied by histological methods.The results are as follows:the walls of the esophagus and large intestine in the Chroysolophus pictus are composed of 4 layer,which are the mucosal tunica,submucosal tela,muscular tunica and adventitia.A few longitudinal policae of esophagus formed by the mucosal tunia and submucosal tela are obvious.The epithelium of the esophagus is nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium.The proper lamina have the developing esophagus glands.The mucosal muscles are the longitudinal smooth muscles.The submucosal tela is thiner.The muscular tunicai consists of the internal ring and external longitudinal smooth muscles.The large intestine of Chroysolophus pictus includes the cecum and rectum.The circular policae are formed by the mucosal tunica and submucosal tela of the cecum which have not them in the rectum.From cecum to rectum,the feature is as follows:the intestinal villi without the central lacteal are gradually becoming shorter and wider.The intestinal gland and the goblet cells among the simple columnar cells are gradually reducing.The submucosal tela is gradually becoming thinner.The lymphoid tissue of the submucosal tela is more developed in the cecum.There is the germinal center in the lymphoid follicle of the submucosal tela of cecum.In addition,The structure of the esophagus and large intestine of the Chroysolophus pictus is compared with those of other birds in this paper.