土壤中多元素相态振荡和超声提取法对比

A Comparison Between Two Different Extractions for Multielements Phase Analysis in Soil Samples

采用振荡提取和超声提取两种方法对土壤中多元素(Cr、Co、Ni、Cu、Zn、Pb)相态进行了对比实验,以便选择更适于相态提取的方法。在元素离子态(包括水溶态)、碳酸盐结合态、有机质结合态、铁锰氧化物结合态提取中,比较了两种提取方法的提取时间、精密度和准确度。结果表明,采用超声提取可以大大缩短提取时间,上述4个态的提取时间仅为3.3 h,工作效率比振荡提取提高4倍,且超声提取条件易控制,适合于批量样品分析。超声提取的精密度和准确度优于振荡提取,超声方法的精密度(RSD)为0.90%～11.81%(n=6),准确度(|RE|)为0.74%～10.00%,均能满足《生态地球化学评价样品分析技术要求》。

Two methods of mechanical shaking extraction and uhrasonic vibration extraction have been tested for cheroical phase analysis of muhielements （Cr, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn and Pb）in soil samples in order to choose the suitable method phase analysis. The exlraetiou time, the precision and accuracy were compared between mechanical shaking extra（.tion and t, hrasmdc vibration extraction for elements that characterize ion exchangeable phase （contain water extractive phase ）, carbonate phase, organic phase, iron and manganese oxides phase. The resuhs indicate that uhrasouic exlraqion te＇hnology can greatly reduce tile extraction time to 3.3h for the above mentioned four phases, the efficiency of ultrasonic vibration extraction is 4 times that of mechanical shaking extraction, the uhrasonic extraction condition is easier to handle aud control, and the method is suitable for large numbers of samples analysis. The preeision and aura＇y of ultrasmlie extraction are 0.90c - 11.81% （n = 6） , and O. 74% - 10.00% , respectively, which are superior to those of meehani＇al shaking extraction and can meet the requirements of tile China muhigaget ecosystem geoehemi＇al survey ＂China Geological Survey Bureau Geologieal Investigation Technology Standard＂.