李光地对朱子学的承接与调修

The Inheritance and development of Zhu Zhi's Theory by Li Guang-di

李光地为有清重臣,著作等身。通过考察李光地晚年以朱学为归,对朱学消化融受之后,有所调节,探究其对朱学得失有何补益。其理学继承清初儒学转向实学的风潮,将"人欲"视作非恶,进而首出"性"义,改朱子"致知"为"知本",一反朱学"天理"、"人欲"的对立紧张,道德实践而可平实,不流于高深玄虛,可谓有补于道学。然抵受不住清代箝制思想的政治力量以及四书五经陷泥科考,士人无意理学,反转向考据,他的成就并未引起历史迴响。

Li Guang-di, a famous senior officer of Qing Dynasty, had finished several masterpieces. This paper, through the studying of his adherent to Zhu theory in his late years, analyzes the advantages and disadvantages to him of his adoption and adaptation to Zhu theory. Li＇s doctrine inherits the ethos of Confucianism＇s transforming to reality, considering human＇s desire to be un-evil, hence induces the connotation of ＂sex＂, transforming Zhu＇s ＂acknowledging by intuition＂ into ＂acknowledging by essence＂ , which goes against the tense antinomy between ＂heavenly principle＂ and ＂human desire＂, whereby moral practice will be ordinary without any obscurity and incredibility, and hence being helpful for Taoism Nevertheless, restricted by political forces of Qing dynasty＇s institution as well as Confucius Analects＇ national examination, the scholars did not pay attention to his New Confucianism, but shifted to textual research,therefore his achievements did not achieve much echo historically.