《红楼梦》中劝说言语行为的顺应模式研究

Study on the Adaptation Model of the Speech Act of Persuasion In A Dream of Red Mansions

结合语言顺应论的动态语境观,可建立一套劝说言语行为顺应模式,这一模式认为,从劝说语用策略到语言形式的选择是说话人在顺应劝说目的和交际语境的前提下不断进行协商、选择的过程。在劝说言语行为中,交际语境包括心智世界(情感、观念)、社交世界(社会权势、社会距离)、物理世界(时间、场合)。交际语境的变化要求说话人不断地选择恰当的语用策略和语言形式,直至实现劝说意图。从《红楼梦》文本中收集到的劝说实例可验证这一模式的合理性。

An adaptation model of the speech act of persuasion can be established combining with the dynamic context view of Adaptation Theory. From the model we can know that it is a process of negotiation and selection for the speaker to adapt persuasion aim and communication context from pragmatic strategy of persuasion to language forms. Communi- cative contexts include mental world （feelings, ideas） , social world （social power, social distance） , physical world （time, occasion） in the speech act of persuasion. The changes of communicative context require that the speaker should consistently choose pragmatic strategies and linguistic forms, until the intention of persuasion can be realized. The rationality of the model can be verified by the examples of the test of A Dream of Red Mansions.