十六国时期南人北徙刍议

The migration from south to north during the period of the Sixteen States

东晋十六国对峙时期,由于北方多战乱,社会动荡不安,民众为了避祸纷纷徙居南方。毫无疑问,此时移民的主要方向是由北向南流动。但是作为"逆流",也有一部分南人或是被迫或是自愿,徙居北方。这些人中既有宗室大族,也有下层民众。作为下层民众,不论是因为何种原因徙至北方,他们都是民族融合的实践者;作为宗室大族,他们的北上虽然不能左右当时的政治局势,但我们可以从少数民族统治者对他们的态度的转变上看出当时少数民族汉化程度的逐步加深。

During the confrontation period of the Eastern Jin and the Sixteen States,due to many war occurred in the North,social unrest,in order to avoid the disaster,the public have started to migrate from north to south.There is no doubt that at this time the main direction of the migration is from north to south.But as for the Countercurrent,there is a portion of southern people either was forced or volunteer to migrate to north.Among these people,had clansmen,influential nobles and rabble.As for the rabble,no matter what the reason make them migrate to north,they were the practitioner of the national integration.As for the clansmen and influential nobles,at the time although they cannot influence the political situation,through the rulers of minority nationalities attitude to whom,we could see the Chinese level of the minority nationalities deepened by and by.