康熙帝与孝庄太皇太后政治关系的解构

Deconstruction of the Political Ralations Between Emperor Kangxi and Empress Dowager Xiaozhuang

康熙帝八岁登基,六年后亲政。在康熙帝最初执政的时期,面对十分复杂的政治局面,其中关键之处是他与祖母孝庄太皇太后的关系问题。《清实录》中记载的康熙帝每隔几天就要向孝庄太皇太后"问安",在表面看来,似乎是祖孙情深,关系融洽。而事实上存在着重大的政见分歧。康熙帝为了实现其政治革新,一定程度上推行汉化政策,不得不哄好颇为守旧的孝庄太皇太后,从而消弱朝廷中的守旧势力,实施"汉化"和"儒化"的政治改革。康熙帝的政治博弈策略是巧妙而坚定的,终于引导和迫使孝庄太皇太后默认其变革举措和放弃对朝政的干预,其中否定顺治帝的所谓"遗诏"、擒拿鳌拜及发动平定"三藩之乱"的战争,是这场政治博弈的几大焦点。

Since the age of eight when he ascent the throne,Kangxi came into power six years later.In the early years of his rule,Kangxi was faced with the complex political situation,among which the key point was the political struggle between emperor Kangxi and empress dowager Xiaozhuang.According to Qingshilu（Recording of the Qing Dynasty）,emperor Kangxi frequented where Xiaozhuang lived for paying his respects towards her in person,showing a good relationship between them.Be that as it may,there exist conflicting opinions on politics between them.In order to realize the political innovation and carry out the sinolization and confucianization,on some occasions,Kangxi must persuade the dowager of Xiaozhuang who had the conservative ideas,then weakened the conservative force.Kangxi＇s political manoeuvre was ingenious and firm.Finally,empress dowager Xiaozhuang defaulted the reform measures and gave up intervening the affairs of state in the guide and force of Kangxi.In the Political Game there were a few events,such as negation of the will of Shuzhi,cracking down on Ao bai and staging wars with the Three Feudatories.