野生动物感染布鲁菌的研究进展

Advance in Brucella Infection in Wild Animals

布鲁菌病是一种分布广泛的重要人兽共患病,多年来已经证实许多种类的陆地野生动物和海洋哺乳动物存在布鲁菌感染。目前已经鉴定了9种布鲁菌,能感染野生动物并呈现临床病症的致病性布鲁菌种包括羊种布鲁菌(B.melitensis)、猪种布鲁菌(B.suis)、牛种布鲁菌(B.abortus)、犬种布鲁菌(B.canis)、沙林鼠布鲁菌(B.neotomae)等5种,可感染野牛、鹿、羚羊、野兔、海豚和鲸等动物,并具有或潜在具有传播给人类的能力。论文重点对野牛、野羊、野猪、野鹿、野鼠、狐狸、骆驼、北极熊、海豚和海豹等动物布鲁菌感染状况的研究进展进行综述,表明这些动物均能易感并表现不同的布鲁菌病临床病症。野生动物布鲁菌病的发生与家畜和人的布鲁菌病防控密切相关,必须予以关注。

Brucellosis is an important zoonotic disease,widely distributed in both humans and animals. Bru cellae infections have been documented worldwide over the years in a great variety of terrestrial wildlife species and marine mammals. Nine species are recognized within the genus Brucella . Five pathogenic spe cies（B, melitensis,B, suis,B, abortus,B, maris,B, neotomae） cause infection and clinical signs in wild ani mals,especially in bison, deer, eland, hare, dolphin, whale and other wild animal species, they play or po tentially play a role in transmiting the pathogen to humans. This paper reported a high prevalence of bru cellosis and different clinical brucellosis signs in bison, wild sheep, wild boar and wild deer,vole,fox, cam el,polar bear, seal and sis in wild animals and It. porpoise. Because there is a positive correlation between the occurrences of brucello brucellosis control in domestic livestock and humans, so we must pay attention to