玉米秸秆还田对土壤养分及小麦产量的影响

Effects of returning maize straw to field on soil nutrient and wheat yield

通过比较试验,研究了黄淮平原玉米-小麦一年两熟农作制度下,玉米秸秆还田对土壤养分变化及小麦产量的影响.结果表明:苗期、返青期、拔节期、抽穗期、灌浆期、成熟期的土壤有机质和养分测定结果显示出差异,且随时间推移差异表现越明显;秸秆还田后有机质平均增加2.908 g/kg,有效氮平均增加7.163 mg/kg,有效磷平均增加2.635 mg/kg,有效钾平均增加15.485 mg/kg,土壤pH值基本不变;秸秆还田处理对冬小麦产量影响较大,增产7.91%.研究结果可为土壤可持续利用提供参考.

By means of the comparative experiment,effects of corn straw returning on wheat field soil nutrient and wheat yield were studied under the double-cropping system of wheat-corn in the Huang-huai region.The result indicated that：they were different on determination of soil nutrients and organic matter in seeding state,turning green,jointing stage,heading,grain filling period and maturity and were more obvious different in performance over time,it was highest in grain filling period.the content of available nitrogen increased by 7.163 mg/kg,available phosphorus by 2.635 mg/kg,available potassium by 15.485 mg/kg,organic matter by 2.908 g/kg.Changes in each period of each treatment was no difference in pH,wheat yield for corn return was increased by 7.91% after the straw.