硫酸安普霉素对凡纳滨对虾生长、血清生化指标的影响及在组织内的残留

Effects of Dietary Apramycin Sulphate on Growth Performance, Serum Biochemical Indices and Apramycin Sulphate Residues in Pacific White Leg Shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei

在基础饲料中添加0、60、120、180、240、300mg/kg硫酸安普霉素,投喂初始体质量为(0.51±0.01)g的凡纳滨对虾,记作G0、G60、G120、G180、G240、G300,经49d养殖试验,研究硫酸安普霉素对凡纳滨对虾生长、血清生化指标的影响及组织中的残留量。结果显示,G180、G240对虾特定生长率和G240蛋白质效率显著高于G0(P<0.05);各添加组对虾肝胰指数均高于G0,但差异不显著(P>0.05)。与G0相比,G240全虾粗蛋白、血清总蛋白和甘油三酯含量显著升高(P<0.05),尿酸水平显著降低(P<0.05)。添加组血清葡萄糖、胆固醇含量和谷草转氨酶、谷丙转氨酶活性与G0相比差异不显著(P>0.05)。各硫酸安普霉素添加组肝胰腺和肌肉中残留量分别为2.92～19.11μg/g和0.91～8.20μg/g,并随添加量增加显著升高。结果表明,饲料中添加适量的硫酸安普霉素能显著促进凡纳滨对虾生长性能,不会产生明显的毒性效应,但会在肝胰腺和肌肉中残留。

A feeding experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary apramycin sulphate on growth performance, body composition, serum biochemical indices and apramycin sulphate residues in Pacific white leg shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei. A total of 960 shrimp with an initial body weight of （0.51 4-0.01） g were randomly allocated into 6 groups, and fed the diets containing 0 （G0）, 60 （G60）, 120 （Gl20）, 180 （G180）, 240 （G240） and 300 （G32） mg/kg apramycin sulphate for 49 days. It was found that specific growth rate （SGR） in G180 and G24o, and protein efficiency ratio （PER） in G240 were significantly higher than those in G0（P〈0.05）. No significant difference （P〉0.05） in hepatosomatic index（HSI） was found among all the treatments. Crude protein （CP） content was significantly higher in Gz40 than that in G0（P〈0.05）. In comparison with Go, serum total protein （TP） and triglyceride （TG） contents in G240 increased significantly （P〈0. 05）, while serum uric acid （UA） content decreased significantly （P〈0.05）. No significant difference was observed in serum＇ glucose and cholesterol content, and glutamic- oxaloaeetic transaminase （AST） and glutamic--pyruvic transaminase （ALT） activities. Residues of apramycin sulphate were detected in hepatopancreas and muscle in the shrimp, and significantly increased with increase in apramycin sulpate supplementation. In conclusion, dietary apramycin sulphate improves the growth performance of the shrimp, without significant toxicological effects. The elimination of the apramycin sulphate residues in the shrimp tissues needs to be further studied.