巨菌草在不同海拔高度的生长表现

Growth Performance of Pennisetum sp.at Different Elevation

为了解巨菌草在不同海拔地区的生长特性及生产性能,为其合理规划和科学种植提供参考,于2011年在贵州省铜仁市低(300m以下)、中(300～800m)、高(1 000m以上)海拔区对巨菌草进行引种栽培试验。结果表明:随着海拔高度的上升巨菌草的生长期缩短,低海拔为270d,中海拔为250d,高海拔为210d;鲜草年产量随海拔的升高而降低,低海拔为25.84t/667cm2,中海拔为20.44t/667m2,高海拔为16.49t/667m2;年刈割次数随海拔的升高而减少,低、中、高海拔区的年刈割分别为6次、5次和4次;低海拔的快速生长时间为5—7月,中、高海拔为6—7月;各海拔区的快速分蘖时间均集中在6—8月,产草量均集中在7—9月;植株形态随海拔的升高呈矮化趋势。因此,巨菌草生长受海拔高度的影响明显,最适宜在水热条件良好的低海拔区生长。

The introduction cultivation test of Pennisetum sp. was conducted at three different elevations （below 300 m, 300-800 m and over 1 000 m） to study its growth feature and yield performance for its rational planning and scientific cultivation in Tongren city. The results showed that the growth period shortened with elevation increment but fresh grass yield decreased with elevation increment. The growth period and fresh grass yield at below 300m, 300-800 m and over 1 000 m were 270d, 250d, 210d and 25.84 t/667m,20.44 t/667m2, 16.49 t/667m2 respectively. The annual cutting times reduced with elevation increment and annual cutting times at below 300m, 300-800m and over 1000m were 6, 5 and 4 separately. The rapid growth time at below 300m and over 1 000 m was in MayJuly and JuneJuly and the rapid tillering time at different elevations was in June August. The plant height shorted with elevation increment. Therefore, Pennisetum sp should be cultivated at low elevation with good hvdrothermal condition.