洋务运动时期的外国语学堂与世界意识的开启

Foreign Language Schools in the Period of Westernization Movement and the Rise of World Consciousness

洋务运动时期的外国语学堂是西学传入中国的重要桥梁,开启了晚清中国人的世界意识。本文以翔实的史料为基础,系统梳理与归纳了官办外国语学堂在人才培养目标多元化、生源扩大、教师聘任和培养等方面的特点,历史性地呈现了中国近代外语教育从保守走向开放的进程;同时,教学过程中"中体西用"观的指导原则、西学课程的比重配置、翻译实践的优先推行,体现了本土意识和世界意识间彼进我退的复杂关系,对当下中国外语教学目标的设置与实现有一定的借鉴作用。

Foreign language schools in the period of Westernization Movement of Late Qing Dynasty started Chinese people＇ s world consciousness. Based on sufficient historical facts, this paper surveys and summarizes such characteristics of foreign language schools as diversifying objectives, enlarged enrollment, teacher employment and training, which outlines a historical development from a conservative pattern to an increasingly open foreign language education. As a result of interaction between conservatism and increasing world consciousness, the idea of ＂Absorbing Western Technology on the Basis of the Chinese Traditional System＂ , the weight of western learning in curriculum and priority of translation practice were enforced to revolutionize people＇ s view of ＂Tianxia＂ , which takes a significant step in the course of China＇ sentrv to the whole world.