红锥、大叶栎和顶果木幼林土壤物理性质分析

Analysis on soil physical characteristics under young plantations planted with three native hardwood species

以红锥、大叶栎和顶果木3种乡土阔叶树种幼林为研究对象,采用环刀法和烘干法分析了其土壤物理性质。结果表明:3个树种的土壤含水量在21.39%～29.99%之间,红锥21～40 cm、0～20 cm层土壤含水量最大;土壤毛管持水量在3.27～10.49 g/cm3之间,含量最大的是大叶栎0～20 cm层和红锥0～20 cm层;土壤容重在1.21～1.46 g/cm3之间,红锥0～20 cm层最小,3个树种0～20 cm层的土壤容重均比各自21～40 cm层的小;土壤总孔隙度在44.75%～54.41%,最大的是红锥0～20 cm层;毛管孔隙度在4.59%～12.11%之间,最大是大叶栎0～20cm层和红锥0～20 cm层;非毛管孔隙度在37.57%～45.77%之间,最大是红锥21～40 cm层;土壤通气孔隙度在41.61%～51.16%之间,最大是大叶栎0～20 cm层。3个树种对土壤水源涵养效能和调节水分循环均具有较好的效果,但红锥和大叶栎更优于顶果木。

Soil physical characteristics from young forests of three native hardwood species Castanopsis hystrix, C. fissa, Acrocarpus fraxinifolius were analyzed by cutting ring and dehydrating measures. The results showed that soil water of the forests was within the range of 21.39% -29.99%, and the soil of C. hystrix forest（ both 21-40 cm and 0-20 cm segment） exhibited the maximum water content. Soil capillary water was 3.27-10.49 g/cm3 , and the maximum soil capillary water presented in 0-20 cm segment of C.fissa and C. hystrix forests. The soil bulk density was 1.21-1.46 g/cm3 , and the mini- mum density occurred in 0-20 cm segment of C. hystrix forest, while the soil bulk density was lower in each 0-20 cm segment than in its corresponding 21 --40 cm segment. Total soil porosity was 44.75% -54.41%, and the maximum presented in 0-20 cm segment of C. hystrix forest. The capillary porosity was between 4.59% and 12.11% , and the maximum displayed in 0-20 cm segment of C.fissa and C. hystrix forest. Non-capillary porosity was 37.57% --45.77%, and the maximum occurred in 21--40 cm segment of C. hystrix forest. Soil aeration porosity was 41.61% -51.16% , and the maximum presented in 0-20 cm segment of C. fissa forest. Consequently, all the three species could effectively conserve soil water and regulate water circulation, but the soil ventilation and permeability of C. hystrix and C. fissa was better than that of A. fraxinifolius forest.