温度对黄连木种子小蜂成虫羽化的影响

Effect of the temperature on the eclosion of Eurytoma plotnikovi Nikolskaya

室内应用电冰箱将受害黄连木种子-14℃冷冻30、40、50、60 d后分批取出,同一批种子分别在15、18、21、24、27℃温度条件的人工气候箱里培养,寻找出适合黄连木种子小蜂成虫羽化的温度条件,在羽化高峰期观测成虫生物学规律。结果表明:黄连木种子小蜂无需低温刺激,通过人工加温措施,就可打破其休眠。室内应用人工气候箱24℃条件下培养,黄连木种子小蜂羽化率最高,约60 d后可得到成虫。黄连木种子小蜂成虫白天羽化交尾,高峰同步,出现在温度高、湿度低的中午。同一对黄连木种子小蜂成虫可多次交尾,整个交尾时长20～50 min。

Chinese pistacia seeds damaged by Eurytoma plotnikovi Nikolskayas were frozen at - 14℃ in a refrigerator for 30, 40, 50 and 60 d respectively and then taken out separately. The same batch of treated seeds were incubated in different growth chambers with temperature of 15, 18, 21, 24 and 27℃ respectively to find out the best temperature for eclosion of Eurytoma plotnikovi Nikolskaya and to observe the biological characteristics of adult at the peak of eclosion. The results showed that ： the diapauses of the nikolskayas could be broken by incubation without freezing stimulation. The eclosion rate was the highest when the nikolskaya was incubated at 24℃. The adults could be obtained after 60 days. Both eclosion and mating of Nikolskaya adults were in the daytime, and the peaks of eclosion and mating appeared at noon time when temperature was high and humidity was low. The nikolskaya couple could mate several times, the mating lasts 20 minutes to 50 minutes.