社会支持对欧阳海灌区移民心理健康的影响

Impact of Social Support on Mental Health of Migrants in Ouyang Hai Irrigation Area

目的了解欧阳海灌区移民的心理健康状况,探讨社会支持对移民心理健康的影响。方法在欧阳海灌区随机抽取有移民迁入的行政村20个,再在选中的村中分别随机抽取符合条件的欧阳海灌区移民和当地居民各8人,采用一般情况问卷和SCL-90量表及SRSS表进行调查。结果当地居民SCL-90评分中任一因子均分≥3的检出率为6.88%、移民为14.38%,当地居民总分≥160的检出率为6.25%,移民为13.12%,移民与当地居民的心理问题检出率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);移民的社会支持各维度得分及支持总分低于当地居民(P<0.05);SCL-90总均分与社会支持各维度分及支持总分呈负相关(P<0.05)。结论欧阳海灌区移民较当地居民的心理健康状况差,移民的社会支持较差,移民的心理健康与社会支持呈正相关。

Objective To investigate the psychological status of migrants in Ouyang Hai Irrigation Area,and to explore the impact of social support on mental health of the migrants.Methods Basic Situation Scale,Symptom Check-list 90（SCL-90） and Social Support Rating Scale（SSRS） were used to survey 160 migrants and 160 local permanent residents who were randomly selected from 20 administrative villages of Ouyang Hai Irrigation Area.Results According to the SCL-90 screening criterion（the average score ≥3 for any factor was considered to be the positive outcome）,the proportions of local permanent residents and the migrants with psychological problems were 6.88% and 14.38%,respectively.According to the SCL-90 screening criterion（the aggregate score≥160 was considered to be the positive outcome）,the proportions of local permanent residents and the migrants with psychological problems were 6.25% and 13.12%,respectively.There were statistically significant differences in the proportion of psychological problems between local permanent residents and the migrants（P0.05）.The migrants’ social support scores and aggregate score were all lower than those of local permanent residents in Ouyang Hai Irrigation Area（P0.05）.There was a negative correlation between aggregate score of SCL-90 and social support scores,aggregate score of social support（P0.05）.Conclusions The psychological status of the migrants is inferior to that of local permanent residents in Ouyang Hai Irrigation Area,and their social support is also poor.The psychological status of the migrants is positively correlated with their social support.