2010-2012年龙岗区手足口病标本病原学检测结果分析

Analysis on Pathogenic Detection Results of Specimens of Hand,Foot and Mouth Disease in Longgang District from 2010 to 2012

目的了解不同情况下手足口病标本的病毒核酸检出情况,从而为手足口病疫情监测中标本的采集提供科学依据。方法利用SPSS13.0及Excel软件,通过描述性分析和χ2检验对龙岗区疾病预防控制中心实验室检测系统的手足口病检测信息进行统计分析。结果 2010年1月-2012年9月,共检测手足口病相关标本839份,共检出EV71和CoxA16病毒核酸342份(检出率为40.76%),其中EV71和CoxA16检出率分别为27.53%和13.23%;无标本检出EV71和CoxA16混合感染;不同年度手足口病标本的EV71检出率(χ2=16.63,P=0.00)和CoxA16检出率(χ2=14.45,P=0.00)之间差异有统计学意义;流行期送检标本的EV71检出率(30.72%,300/651)显著高于非流行期(16.49%,31/188)(χ2=14.81,P=0.00);发病3 d内采样标本的CoxA16阳性检出率(χ2=7.49,P=0.01)显著高于发病3 d后采样的标本;临床病例标本EV71病毒核酸检出率(χ2=9.31,P=0.00)显著高于暴发/聚集性疫情检出率;不同部位采集标本的EV71检出率(χ2=3.30,P=0.19)及CoxA16检出率(χ2=5.13,P=0.08)差异无统计学意义。结论 2010-2012年度龙岗区EV71和CoxA16均有流行,发病3 d内的咽拭子或肛拭子标本可较好的替代粪便标本用于手足口病疫情监测。

Objective To investigate the detection results of viral nucleic acid in specimens of hand-foot-mouth disease（HFMD） under different conditions so as to provide a scientific basis for collecting the specimens and monitoring the epidemic situation of HFMD.Methods With SPSS13.0 and Excel software,descriptive analysis and Chi-square test were used to statistically analyze the detection information about HFMD from laboratory detection system of Longgang District Center for Disease Control and Prevention.Results A total of 342 specimens with viral nucleic acid（EV71 and CoxA16） were detected among 839 specimens from January 2010 and September 2012,with the viral nucleic acid detection rate of 40.76%,of which the detection rates of EV71 and CoxA16 were 27.53% and 13.23%,respectively.No specimen with combined infection of EV71 and Cox16 was detected（0/839）.There were statistically significant differences in the detection rates of EV71（χ2=16.63,P=0.00） and CoxA16（χ2=14.45,P=0.00） in HFMD specimens among different years.The detection rate of EV71 was significantly higher during the epidemic period（30.72%,300/651） than that of non-epidemic period（16.49%,31/188）,（χ2=14.81,P=0.00）.The CoxA16 detection rate of specimens collected within 3 days after clinical onset（χ2=7.49,P=0.01） was significantly higher than that of specimens collected 3 days after HFMD onset.The EV71 detection rate of clinical specimens（χ2=9.31,P=0.00） was significantly higher than that of outbreaks and aggregative epidemic.No statistically significant difference was found in the detection rates of EV71（χ2=3.30,P=0.19） and CoxA16（χ2=5.13,P=0.08） among specimens collected from different sites.Conclusions EV71 and CoxA16 were prevalent in Longgang District during the period of 2010-2012.Using the specimens of throat and anus swabs obtained within 3 days after HFMD onset as substitutes for stool swab specimens is good for monitoring the epidemic of HFMD.