中国微生物肥料的研究现状及前景展望

Current Research Status and Prospect of Microbial Fertilizer in China

文章回顾了中国微生物肥料的发展历史,简述了微生物肥料的分类、主要功效、作用机制、在不同作物上的应用及发展过程中存在的问题。指出微生物肥料可有效改善土壤环境、提高土壤肥力、防治土传病害、增加作物产量和减少化肥使用量,是发展"绿色农业"、"生态农业"的需要。目前,中国的微生物肥料仍存在着整体水平不高、技术创新不足、产品效果不稳定和市场管理混乱等问题,因此,需进一步加强基础性研究、完善生产工艺、加强监督管理,加大资金投入和协同创新,以促进微生物肥料的健康、快速发展。

The history of microbial fertilizer in China was reviewed in this article, and the main classification, efficacy, mechanism of action, application in different crops and the problems in the development of this industry were briefly described. Pointing out the microbial fertilizers can improve the environment and the fertility of soil, control the soil-born diseases, increase crop production and reduce the dosage of chemical fertilizers. And it＇s the need of developing the ＂green agriculture＂ and ＂ecological agriculture＂. At present, it still has many problems like whole level is low, lacking of technological innovation, instable of effect and confusion of market management. Therefore, its needs to strengthen the basic research, improve the process, strengthen the supervision and management, increase the capital investment and collaborative innovation. These can promote the microbial fertilizer developing healthy and rapidly.