荒漠草原不同经济水平牧户草场植被和土壤养分特征比较

Comparisons of Vegetation and Soil Nutrient Characteristics of Herders'Pastures at Different Economic Levels

为揭示荒漠草原不同经济水平牧户草场生态状况,以内蒙古荒漠草原家庭牧场为尺度,研究不同经济水平牧户草场植被和土壤养分特征。结果表明:群落地上生物量呈现出冬草场>中经济水平牧户草场>高经济水平牧户草场>低经济水平牧户草场的趋势且高中低经济水平处理区的地上生物量之间无显著性差异(P>0.05);土壤机械组成中,0～30cm土层砂粒(1～0.05mm)含量均呈现低经济水平牧户草场>高经济水平牧户草场>冬草场>中经济水平牧户草场,土壤粘粒(<0.001mm)含量0～10cm和10～20cm土层均呈现中经济水平牧户草场>冬草场>高经济水平牧户草场>低经济水平牧户草场;0～30cm土层土壤全氮平均含量呈现冬草场>中经济水平牧户草场>高经济水平牧户草场>低经济水平牧户草场,不同经济处理区之间无差异(P>0.05),速效氮含量低经济水平牧户草场最高;土壤全磷含量冬草场最高,高经济水平牧户草场最低,速效磷含量低经济水平牧户草场最低;土壤全钾含量呈现出冬草场>高经济水平牧户草场>低经济水平牧户草场>中经济水平牧户草场,但不同处理间无显著性差异(P>0.05),土壤速效钾含量冬草场最高。

In order to identify the ecological conditions of herders ＇ pastures at different economic levels,based on the households in desert steppe of Inner Mongolia,the vegetation and soil nutrient characteristics of herders ＇ pasture at different economic levels were analyzed.The results showed that aboveground biomass was highest in the winter pasture,and there were no significant differences among different treatments （P0.05）;as for soil mechanical composition,the soil sand （1-0.05mm） content in 0-30cm soil layer was highest at pastures of herders at low economic level,and soil clay （0.001mm） content in 0-10 cm and 10-20cm soil layers were highest at pastures of herders at middle economic level;as for the total nitrogen and available nitrogen in 0-30cm soil layer,it showed that winter pasture and pastures of herders at low economic level had the most contents,respectively,and there were no significant differences among different treatments for total nitrogen in 0-30cm soil layer （P0.05）;total phosphorus content was highest at winter pasture and lowest at pastures of herders at high economic level,and available phosphorus content was lowest at pastures of herders at low economic level;soils of winter pastures had highest total and available potassium contents,and there were no significant differences among different treatments for total potassium content （P0.05）.