品种、播期及育苗方式对第二季茎瘤芥(榨菜)生育期及产量的影响

The Effects of Variety, Sowing Date and Seedling Way on Growth Period and Yield of the Second Quarter of Stem Mustard

为了给重庆市涪陵区两季茎瘤芥栽培提供技术支撑,采用裂区试验设计,研究不同播期、不同品种、不同育苗方式对第二季茎瘤芥生育期及产量的影响。结果表明:播期、品种、育苗方式对第二季茎瘤芥生育期影响较大。试验范围内随着播期推迟,营养生长期缩短,极差3.5天,减幅2.2%;瘤茎生长期缩短,极差39.8天,减幅41.5%;日历苗龄增长,极差20.0天,增幅达60.6%。‘涪杂7号’与‘永安小叶’相比,膨大始期平均提早2.0天,瘤茎生长期长6.3天,现蕾期晚4.3天,营养生长期长4.3天。7cm直径营养钵与100孔塑料穴盘2种育苗方式生育期相同,但比同期常规育苗营养生长期短2.0天,瘤茎生长期长2.7天,瘤茎膨大始期提早4.7天。最佳处理组合为A1B2C1,即播期为9月30日,品种为‘涪杂7号’,采用7cm直径塑料营养钵育苗,产量可达72650.0kg/hm2。

To provide technical support to two quarter tumorous stem mustard of the Fuling District of Chongqing Municipality, the split plot design was adopted to study the effects of different sowing dates, different varieties and seedling ways on growth period and yield of the second quarter of stem mustard. The results showed that, all of them had great impact on the growth period of the second quarter of the stem mustard. With the sowing date was postponed in our experiment, the vegetative stage and tumor stem growing stage were both shortened, the range were 3.5 days and 39.8 days, and the reduction were 2.2% and 41.5% respectively, while the calendar seedling age was growth, the range was 20.0 days, by increasing 60.6% . Compared with‘Yonganxiaoye’, the swelling beginning period of‘Fuza 7th’was moved forward 2.0 days in average, its tumor stem growing stage and vegetative stage was lengthened 6.3 days and 4.3 days respectively, and the squaring period was delayed 4.3 days. Those two seedling ways, by 7 cm diameter nutrition bowl and the 100-hole plastic plug, have the same growth period, while their vegetative stages were 2.0 days shorter than the regular seedling way in the same period, their tumor stem growing stage was 2.7 days longer, and the tumor stem swelling beginning period was moved forward 4.7 days. A1B2C1, which‘Fuza 7th’was sowed at the September 30th, by use of 7 cm diameter nutrition bowl, is the best treatment combination in this test , its yield could up to 72650.0 kg/km2.