德国的移民教育

On Development of Immigrant Education in Germany

自20世纪70年代以来,德国为克服本国劳动力的不足大力吸引外籍劳工,但大量劳工的滞留造成了一系列的社会问题。为了解决这些问题,政府出台了一系列的社会整合措施,移民教育作为社会整合以及构建多元化社会的重要措施,有着重要的意义。移民教育在德国从理论到初步实践再到大范围的推广,经历了初创时期的分离式教育、后期的跨文化教育和现在的移民教育,理念更为全面。它的实践需要在政府的正确引导下,配合正确的教育和移民政策,调动各种社会资源,使全体国民主动、积极地配合移民整合的活动,参与到强调终身学习的教育体制中,这样才能顺应德国多元化社会发展的趋势,趋利避害,减轻移民压力,实现社会整合。

Since 1970s,Germany overcomes their weaknesses in the labor shortage and the economic recession after the World War II and rejoins the top ranks of the world economic power through efforts of attracting foreign workers,it has led to the consequence of lots of social problems due to a large amount of workers choosing to stay in Germany.In order to solve this series of social problems,the government issues a series of measures of the social integration management and as to a pluralistic society with sustainable development,the education of immigrants will be crucial.The immigrant education in Germany,from the theory to the practice then to extend widly,has accumulated a considerable experience of the separated eduction,the cross-cultural education in the later period,and the immigrant education currently,which the idea is understood wholly.Moreover,its practice need to be guided under the government and the available education and immigrant policies to fully apply social resources,and to have all citizens cooperate the movement of the immigrant integration and participate in the education system for life-long learning so as to follow the trend of the diverse society development in Germany to avoid risks for benefits and to release immigrants＇ pressure to realize the social integration.