英汉夸张辞格与翻译

Categories and Translation Strategies of English and Chinese Hyperbole

夸张是英、汉语中很常用的一种修辞手法。按意义标准,英、汉夸张可以分为扩大夸张、缩小夸张、超前夸张三大类;按构成标准,英、汉夸张可以分为一般性夸张和借助性夸张两大类。英、汉两种语言中的夸张手法既有相同也有相异之处。其共同点在于:两种语言都可以利用数字来进行夸张;在语义上进行夸张;与其它修辞手法相结合的夸张。不同之处:汉语中有超前夸张。英语夸张倾向于写实,汉语的倾向于写意。夸张辞格的翻译有直译;意译;根据句意,作模糊处理;根据语言习惯,变通翻译等。

Hyperbole is a common rhetorical device in both English and Chinese. According to the standard of meaning, English and Chinese hyperbole can both be divided into three categories： amplified hyperbole, reduced hyperbole and advanced hyperbole. By the composition of the device, there are general hyperbole and aided hyperbole. There are both similarities and differences in English hyperbole and Chinese hyperbole. The similarities lie in： numbers are used as hyperbole in the two langua- ges ; meaning of words is also a kind of hyperbole ; and combinations with other rhetorical devices form a hyperbole. Differences include： there is advanced hyperbole in Chinese; English hyperbole is inclined to realistic writing while Chinese hyperbole favors abstract writing. Hyperbole can be translated through many ways： liberal translation, literal translation, fuzzy processing accord- ing to the meaning of sentences, and flexible translation based on language conventions.