文学伦理话语权在近现代中国社会的嬗变

Changes of Discourse Power of Literary Ethics in Modern Chinese Society

文学的伦理话语权源于文学对社会伦理教化功能的理论自觉与实践,并随中国社会的变迁而变化。近代以降,剧烈社会动荡下的文学更是充当了倡导社会伦理和人文精神启蒙的重要角色。20世纪的中国文学履行文化启蒙、政治代言、革命鼓号等功能,经历了"文学革命"、"革命文学"的时代变奏而获得显赫一时的社会伦理话语主导权,但也一度因政治强权和伦理专制而异化、疏离文学本身。新时期,"新启蒙文学"为时代代言,但旋即在社会大众文化和消费伦理的冲决下而"死亡"、"失语"。社会转型期文学伦理话语权的倡导和回归,已然成为当下文学健康发展与社会和谐进步的时代需要。

The discourse power of literary ethics, originating from the th literature＇ s social and ethical functions, varies with social changes in China. times of drastic social instability has played an important part in advocating soc spirit. In the 20th century, besides its functions of cultural eoretic consciousness and practice of Since the modern times, literature in ial ethics and enlightening the human enlightenment, political advocacy and revolution propagation, while Chinese literature has gained a prominent social ethical literary discourse by undergoing the epochal variations of ＂literary revolution＂ and ＂revolutionary literature＂, it has once been alienated and estranged from lit- erature due to the political power and ethical despotism. In the new period, the ＂Neo-Enlightenment Literature＂, a representative of the times, was soon ＂doomed＂ and inflicted from ＂aphasia＂ under the violent impact of social popular culture and consumption ethics. The initiation and return of the discourse power of literary ethics is a must for the healthy development of literature and for the social harmony and progress in the era of social transition.