808例变态反应性疾病敏筛过敏原检测结果分析

Analysis of allergens screening test in 808 patients with allergic diseases

目的检测4种变态反应性疾病患者血清总免疫球蛋白E(tIgE)和过敏原特异性免疫球蛋白E(sIgE)的水平,了解常见变应原与变态反应性疾病关系。方法选取2011年1～12月该院就诊的808例变态反应性疾病患者,分别按疾病和年龄大小进行分组。应用德国Mediwiss敏筛(allergy screen)过敏原免疫印迹定量检测系统对患者血清tIgE和过敏原sIgE进行检测。结果 808例患者中,259例血清tIgE阳性,阳性率为32.05%,4种变态反应性疾病患者血清tIgE阳性率差异无统计学意义(χ2=6.88,P>0.05);492例血清过敏原sIgE阳性,阳性率为60.89%,以户尘螨(37.50%)为最高;其中吸入性过敏原sIgE检出阳性率较食入性过敏原高,分别为54.70%和21.41%,两组差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);过敏原sIgE阳性率以过敏性鼻炎为最高68.38%;各年龄组过敏原sIgE阳性率以儿童组为最高,达79.23%,老年组最低为39.13%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论该地区最常见过敏原为户尘螨;过敏性鼻炎和儿童组sIgE阳性率为最高;吸入性过敏原sIgE检出率较高。

Objective To detect the levels of total Immunoglobulin E（tIgE） and specific immunoglobulin E（sIgE） in serum of patients with 4 kinds of allergic diseases,and to investigate the relationship between common allergens and allergic diseases.Methods 808 allergic diseases patients treated at our hospital from Jan to Dec,2011 were selected and divided into groups as their diseases and ages.tIgE and sIgE were detected by Mediwiss sensitive screening allergens quantitative detection system（enzyme immunoassay method）.Results The test results of 808 cases showed that the positive rate of total tIgE was 32.05% and there were no significant difference among four kinds allergic diseases（χ2=6.88,P0.05）.Allergens sIgE were found in 492 cases and accounted for 60.89% of the patients with allergic diseases.The first allergen was dust mites（37.50%）.Inhaled allergens accounted for 54.70% and food allergens accounted for 21.41%.The positive rate of inhaled allergens was obviously higher than that of food allergens in 808 patients with allergic diseases（P0.05）.68.38% of allergens in allergic rhinitis patients were found positive which is the highest positive rate among four kinds of allergic diseases.In each age group,allergen positive rate in junior group was 79.23%,which was the highest and that of senior group was 39.13%,which was the lowest.And the difference was statistically significant（P0.05）.Conclusion In this area,the dust mites is the most commonly seen allergens.Positive rates of allergens in allergic rhinitis and junior group are the highest;the detection rate of inhaled allergens sIgE is high.