单囊式空气弹簧建模及其固有特性仿真研究

Studies on modeling a single-bellows air spring and simulating its inherent characteristics

利用Pro-E与Ansys软件对单囊式空气弹簧进行实体建模,讨论模型有限元处理方法,验证网格划分的可用性.采用Ansys软件求解出单囊空气弹簧分别在初始充气压强为0.2、0.3和0.4 MPa时的各阶固有频率值,结果表明,随着初始充气气压的增高,空气弹簧的各阶固有频率均有所提高.由此可通过改变空气弹簧初始充气压力来调节空气弹簧工作时的固有频率,充分利用空气弹簧的特性为工程应用服务.进一步对单囊空气弹簧进行模态响应仿真分析,给出初始气压为0.2 Mpa下1～4阶空气弹簧振型图,找出所建空气弹簧模型的薄弱点,该研究对深入开展空气弹簧结构优化设计有借鉴意义.

Pro-E and Ansys software are used for solid modeling of a single-bellows air spring, finite-element pro- cessing methods for this model are discussed, and the meshing usability is validated. Using Ansys software, we solve various orders of natural frequencies of a single-bellows air spring are solved at initial inflation pressures of 0. 2, 0.3 and 0.4 MPa, respectively. The simulation results show that the natural frequency of the air spring at each order increases somewhat with the rise of initial inflation pressure. Accordingly, the natural frequency of an air spring when operated can be regulated by adjusting its initial inflation, so as to make full use of air spring properties for engineering applications. Furthermore, a modal response simulation analysis has been done on a single-bellows air spring. The first- to fourth-order air spring vibration mode diagrams at an initial air pressure of 0. 2 MPa and the weak links of the air spring model established have been found. These results should provide guidance for further optimization of air spring structural design.