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下腔静脉滤器植入术预防骨折后下肢深静脉血栓形成患者围手术期肺栓塞 被引量:11

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摘要 目的:观察下腔静脉滤器植入术对骨折后下肢深静脉血栓形成患者围手术期肺栓塞的预防效果及安全性。方法:对547例骨折后下肢深静脉血栓形成患者植入下腔静脉滤器。男388例,女159例;年龄18~86岁,中位数42岁。骨折类型:腰椎骨折22例,其中腰椎骨折合并截瘫5例;骨盆骨折53例;股骨干骨折62例;股骨干骨折合并胫腓骨骨折49例;股骨颈骨折合并股骨转子间骨折93例;胫腓骨骨折167例;足踝部骨折3例;双下肢多发性骨折36例;全身多发性骨折62例。随访观察下腔静脉滤器植入情况、血栓捕获情况及肺栓塞等并发症的发生情况。结果:所有患者均获随访,随访时间2~15个月,中位数6个月。所有患者下腔静脉滤器均成功植入预定位置,其中植入永久型滤器63例,临时型滤器177例,可转换型滤器307例;临时型滤器出现移位>2.0 cm者2例;可转换型滤器出现倾斜<15°者155例;永久型滤器出现展开不全者2例;均未出现断裂。选择临时型下腔静脉滤器的患者,其滤器植入时间为(16.7±3.2)d,捕获直径>1.0 cm血栓19例,捕获直径0.5~1.0 cm血栓53例,滤器均全部取出。选择可转换型下腔静脉滤器的患者,其滤器植入时间为(14.9±2.3)d,捕获直径>1.0 cm血栓37例,捕获直径0.5~1.0 cm血栓95例,280例取出滤器,27例改为永久型滤器。术后出现下肢轻度水肿102例,经抗凝治疗后好转;术后1个月出现肺栓塞1例,因患者未按医嘱服用抗凝药物所致;术后2个月出现胸腔及尿道出血1例,经注射维生素K1后痊愈。结论:采用下腔静脉滤器植入术预防骨折后下肢深静脉血栓形成患者围手术期肺栓塞,具有手术操作简单、并发症少等优点,可以有效降低肺栓塞的发生率,促进患者早期康复。
出处 《中医正骨》 2013年第3期66-68,共3页 The Journal of Traditional Chinese Orthopedics and Traumatology
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