雅安市区冬季水鸟多样性及时空动态

Diversity,Spatial and Temporal Dynamics of Water Birds in Urban Area of Yaan in Winter

【目的】对雅安市区冬季水鸟进行系统统计与记录,分析城市化进程对水鸟时空分布的影响,为雅安生态城市建设提供参考。【方法】2008年至2011年冬季,采用样线法对雅安市区冬季水鸟进行直接观察,记录物种、个体数量、生境、人为干扰等。【结果】记录水鸟7目11科44种,其中雁形目鸭科鸟类最为丰富,绿头鸭、斑嘴鸭、绿翅鸭、赤膀鸭及凤头潜鸭为优势物种。【结论】水鸟多样性在各个年度呈现相似的时间分布格局,但波动期与稳定期的共存表明雅安市区既是水鸟迁徙的中转地同时也是其越冬地。水鸟在不同生境中的分布差异则体现出滩涂、开阔水域、人为干扰对水鸟多样性的影响。

【Objective】 The purpose of this study is to analyze the effects of urbanization on spatial and temporal distribution of water birds in urban area of Ya’an in winter, and provide basic data for eco-city construction. 【Method】 By observation along the transect line in winter from 2008 to 2011, species and individuals of water birds were recorded, as well as their habitats and anthropogenic disturbances. 【Result】 Forty-four water bird species were recorded in urban area of Yaan in winter, most of which belong to Anatidae dominated by Anas platyrhynchos, A poecilorhyncha, A. crecca, A. strepera and Aythya fuligula.【Conclusion】Fluctuation and stabilization of bird diversity in each year suggested that urban area of Ya’an was transferring and wintering site for winter residents though their distribution patterns were approximate during four years. Variation of water bird diversity in winter among different habitat types also indicated beach, open water area and anthropogenic disturbance were important for them.