抑郁症精神分裂症糖尿病患者照料者病耻感比较

A comparative study of stigma in the caregivers of patients with depression,schizophrenia and diabetes

目的探讨抑郁症、精神分裂症和糖尿病患者照料者的病耻感状况。方法采用Link病耻感量表和Struening贬低量表,从不同层面对抑郁症、精神分裂症患者照料者的病耻感进行评估,并与糖尿病患者照料者进行比较。结果 1)抑郁症和精神分裂症患者照料者病耻感发生率均显著高于糖尿病(χ2=141.756,P<0.0125;χ2=167.895,P<0.0125),抑郁症和精神分裂症比较差异无统计学意义(χ2=2.061,P>0.0125)。2)Link量表总分、贬低歧视感知量表、病耻感应对量表、病耻感情感体验量表得分抑郁症和精神分裂症患者照料者均显著高于糖尿病患者照料者,经SNK(Student-Newman-Keuls)q检验,均P<0.01,抑郁症和精神分裂症患者照料者之间比较差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。3)Struening贬低量表总分、Struening患者贬低量表、Struening家庭贬低量表得分抑郁症和精神分裂症患者照料者均显著高于糖尿病患者照料者,经SNK(Student-Newman-Keuls)q检验,均P<0.01,且Struening贬低量表总分抑郁症患者照料者均显著高于精神分裂症患者照料者,P<0.05。结论抑郁症和精神分裂症患者照料者存在严重的病耻感,且显著高于糖尿病患者照料者,抑郁症患者照料者的病耻感在某些方面高于精神分裂症患者照料者,需高度重视。

Objective To explore the stigma in the caregivers of patients with depression,schizophrenia and diabetes. Methods To evaluate and analyse the stigma situation of the caregivers of patients with depression,schizo-phrenia and diabetes with the Link Stigma Scale and Struening Belittle Scale.Results 1） The frequency of stigma in the caregivers of patients with depression and schizophrenia was significantly higher than that in diabetes care-givers （X^2 = 141. 756, P〈0. 0125;X^2 = 167. 895, P〈0. 0125）. There was no significant difference in frequency of stigma between depression caregivers and schizophrenia caregivers （ X^2 = 2.061, P〉 0.0125 ）. 2 ） There were sig-nificant differences in the total scores and subscale scores of Link Stigma Scale between depression caregivers and diabetes caregivers, schizophrenia caregivers and diabetes caregivers （Student-Newman-Keuls q test, all P〈0.01）. No significant differences were observed between depression and schizophrenia caregivers （Student-New- man-Keuls q test,all P〉0.05）. 3） There were significant differences on the total scores of Struening DevaluationScale and the two subscales between depression caregivers and diabetes caregivers, caregivers and diabetes caregivers （Student-Newman-Keuls q test, all P〈0. 01）, and significant differences were observed between depressionand schizophrenia caregivers. The former was higher than that of later （Student-Newman-Keuls q test, all P〈0.05）. Conclusion There were serious stigma in the caregivers of patients with depression and schizophrenia,andthe stigma in two psychiatric illness caregivers were higher than that in the caregivers of patients with diabetes. The stigma in the caregivers of the patients with depression were higher than that in the caregivers of patientswith schizophrenia in some aspect. So we must pay close attention to it.