既有高层玻璃幕墙建筑遮阳卷帘的调节规律研究

Research on roller blind behavior for high-rising glass curtain buildings in Shanghai

重点分析了上海9幢高层玻璃幕墙建筑遮阳的全年使用规律,提出"卷帘使用状态特征值Y"的概念,用于定量化研究遮阳的使用规律及其对空调负荷的影响.结果显示,上海既有高层玻璃幕墙建筑的遮阳设施以内遮阳卷帘为主,各遮阳帘Y值的分布较分散,呈现明显的随机性.而且,遮阳卷帘的调节规律受到窗户朝向、季节和时间的影响.遮阳卷帘的日调节主要集中在上下班和午休时间.在同一季节内,东南向日平均调节比例相对较高,北向则较低;北向遮阳日平均调节比例较高的季节是春季,东北向和东南向则是夏季.在季节转换后,超过25%的卷帘将发生季节性调节,其中以东南向窗户最为显著;春季转向夏季后,遮阳帘的季节性调节比例高于冬季转向春季后的比例.考虑特征值Y时,不同朝向,夏季设计日空调累计负荷与不考虑时的相差20%～27%,后者扩大了实际遮阳使用状态下的节能效果.

Shading products in nine high-rising glass-curtain buildings are studied to find out its running behavior. A new characteristic value＂Y＂ is defined to quantify the roller blind＇s running status. Results show that interior roller blind is the main shading product used for Shanghai＇s existing high-rising glass curtain buildings, and the separate distribution of the Y value refers to the randomness of the use of the rollers. Further research shows that the facade aspect, time and season will affect the roller use. The daily adjusting action mainly happens when occupants arrive first time or leave office last, and when they have a rest during noon. During a fixed season, the daily adjusted ratio for rollers facing south-east is higher than that for others. The highest daily adjusted ratio for rollers facing north happens in spring, while in summer for those facing south-east and north-east. More than 25 % of the rollers will be adjusted after the season changes, espe eially for the rollers facing south-east. The total adjusted ratio of rollers is bigger when the season changes from spring to summer than that from winter to spring. This paper suggests that ignoring the running behavior of the rollers will resul in magnifying the energy saving from shading products.