珠江口潮水位年内变化特征识别

Recognition of characteristics of inner-annual variation of water levels in Pearl River Estuary

利用珠江口代表水文站年的实测资料计算水位年内变化不均匀性、集中程度等指标,分析水位年内变化规律。结果表明:①马口站在20世纪70年代和90年代水位的年内变化大于80年代,其他站20世纪80年代以来水位的年内变化趋于均匀;珠江口水位年内变化不均匀系数和集中度由珠江口深处向近河口处呈减小的趋势;②珠江口深处的马口站水位年内变化不均匀系数和集中度呈上升趋势,其他站水位年内变化不均匀系数和集中度均呈下降趋势,其中近海口门处的横门站和三灶站呈显著下降趋势;集中期都随时间呈波动上升趋势,说明时间上是后推(或增加)趋势。

In this study, the observed data of the water levels of typical hydrological stations in the Pearl River Estuary were analyzed. Several indicators related to the attributes of unevenness and concentration degree were calculated. The characteristics of the inner-annual variation of the water levels were studied. The results show the following： （ 1 ） The inner-annual variation of the water levels at the Makou Station was more significant in the 1970s and 1990s than in the 1980s, and has been relatively even at other stations since the 1980s. The unevenness coefficient and concentration degree had a decreasing trend from the internal delta to the estuary. （2） The unevenness coefficient and concentration degree had an increasing trend at the Makou Station in the internal delta and a decreasing trend at other stations, and the decreasing trend was more significant at the Hengmen and Sanzao stations. The concentration degree of all stations had rising trends.