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Effects of Diet Categories on Feces/Urine Features of Dairy Cows and Nitrogen Emission

Effects of Diet Categories on Feces/Urine Features of Dairy Cows and Nitrogen Emission
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摘要 [ Objective]Through study of different diet categories' effects on lactating cows' feces/urine features and nitrogen emission, and in order to reduce and control the nitrogen emission. [Method112 China Holsteins each with the weight of 514 kg and at the age of 3 to 5 years old are selected for this experiment to carry out test and research on their feces/urine features and nitrogen emission. The cows are divided into 3 groups which are fed with Diet A which takes dry corn straw as forage with forage to concentrate ratio of 40:60, Diet B and Diet C ( both take corn silage as forage) with forage to concentrate ratio of 40:60 and 60:40 respectively. [ ltesult]The results show that diet categories have certain effects on dairy cows' output of feces and urine. Feces output of Diet A (straw type) is more than that of Diet B (silage type with low forage to concentrate ratio) which is more than that of Diet C (silage type with high forage to concentrate ratio). Feces output of Diet A group exceeds that of Diet B and Diet C groups by 6.10% and 10.08% respectively. Feces output of Diet B exceeds that of Diet C by 3.75%. The difference is insignificant ( P 〉 0.05). In terms of urine output of these three diet groups, Diet C is more than that of Diet B which is more than that of Diet A. Urine output of Diet C exceeds that of Diet B and Diet A by 22.75% and 56.30% respectively. Urine output of Diet B exceeds that of Diet A by 27.33%. The difference is significant( P 〈 0.05). At the same time, diet categories have significant effects on dairy cow's nitrogen balance. Straw-typed diet's milk nitrogen and urinary nitrogen contents as well as nitrogen digestibility are far lower than those of silage-typed diet ( P 〈 0.01 ). Under conditions of taking corn silage as forage, as diet's concentrate refines, nitrogen digestibility and urinary nitrogen both increase remarkably ( P 〈 0.01 ) while fecal nitrogen and milk nitrogen's increase is not obvious (P 〉 0.05).[ Conclusion] Moreover, it shows that Straw-typed diet's absorbed nitrogen is mainly discharged through feces. When corn silage is taken as forage, as diet's concentrate refines, proportion of fecal nitrogen reduces while that of urinan/nitrogen increases, and fecal nitro clen and urinary nitrogen's proportions in total feces/urine nitroqen are basically the same. [ Objective]Through study of different diet categories' effects on lactating cows' feces/urine features and nitrogen emission, and in order to reduce and control the nitrogen emission. [Method112 China Holsteins each with the weight of 514 kg and at the age of 3 to 5 years old are selected for this experiment to carry out test and research on their feces/urine features and nitrogen emission. The cows are divided into 3 groups which are fed with Diet A which takes dry corn straw as forage with forage to concentrate ratio of 40:60, Diet B and Diet C ( both take corn silage as forage) with forage to concentrate ratio of 40:60 and 60:40 respectively. [ ltesult]The results show that diet categories have certain effects on dairy cows' output of feces and urine. Feces output of Diet A (straw type) is more than that of Diet B (silage type with low forage to concentrate ratio) which is more than that of Diet C (silage type with high forage to concentrate ratio). Feces output of Diet A group exceeds that of Diet B and Diet C groups by 6.10% and 10.08% respectively. Feces output of Diet B exceeds that of Diet C by 3.75%. The difference is insignificant ( P 〉 0.05). In terms of urine output of these three diet groups, Diet C is more than that of Diet B which is more than that of Diet A. Urine output of Diet C exceeds that of Diet B and Diet A by 22.75% and 56.30% respectively. Urine output of Diet B exceeds that of Diet A by 27.33%. The difference is significant( P 〈 0.05). At the same time, diet categories have significant effects on dairy cow's nitrogen balance. Straw-typed diet's milk nitrogen and urinary nitrogen contents as well as nitrogen digestibility are far lower than those of silage-typed diet ( P 〈 0.01 ). Under conditions of taking corn silage as forage, as diet's concentrate refines, nitrogen digestibility and urinary nitrogen both increase remarkably ( P 〈 0.01 ) while fecal nitrogen and milk nitrogen's increase is not obvious (P 〉 0.05).[ Conclusion] Moreover, it shows that Straw-typed diet's absorbed nitrogen is mainly discharged through feces. When corn silage is taken as forage, as diet's concentrate refines, proportion of fecal nitrogen reduces while that of urinan/nitrogen increases, and fecal nitro clen and urinary nitrogen's proportions in total feces/urine nitroqen are basically the same.
出处 《Animal Husbandry and Feed Science》 CAS 2013年第1期24-27,31,共5页 动物与饲料科学(英文版)
关键词 Diet Dairy cows Fecal nitrogen Urinary nitrogen Milk nitrogen Diet Dairy cows Fecal nitrogen Urinary nitrogen Milk nitrogen
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