青少年的睡眠质量与负性生活事件、人格

Relation of sleep quality to negative life events and personality in adolescents

目的:探讨青少年睡眠质量与负性生活事件、人格的关系,考察负性生活事件、人格特质与睡眠质量是否有交互作用。方法:本研究数据来自中国科学院心理研究所全国青少年心理健康数据库中2008年的调查数据,样本是用系统分层抽样方法抽取的4538名中小学生,采用匹兹堡睡眠质量指数(PSQI)、青少年负性生活事件自评问卷和艾森克人格问卷少年版(EPQ-Junior)评估青少年睡眠质量、负性生活事件和人格。结果:本样本PSQI总分为(5.1±2.8),26%的人有睡眠质量问题(PSQI≥7)。11～14岁年龄组PSQI得分低于15～17岁年龄组,15～17岁年龄组PSQI得分低于18～20岁年龄组[(3.9±2.5)vs.(5.4±2.6)vs.(6.5±2.7),P<0.01]。PSQI总分与负性生活事件总分(r=0.32),EPQ-Jun-ior的神经质(r=0.54)、精神质维度(r=0.18)得分呈正相关(均P<0.01),与内外倾维度得分呈负相关(r=-0.16,P<0.01)。二分logistic回归分析显示,负性生活事件得分(OR=1.56)与EPQ-Junior的神经质维度得分(OR=1.23)越高,PSQI得分可能越高(均P<0.01)。结论:同时存在神经质人格高分和经历负性生活事件多的青少年的睡眠质量可能更差。

Objective：To explore the relation of adolescents＇ sleep quality to negative life events and personality,to know whether negative life events and specific personality traits exist an interaction on sleep quality. Methods： The cross-sectional data were from in the National Survey of Adolescent Mental Health in China （2008）,and the subjects were 4538 adolescents aged 11-20 years selected by systematic sampling method.The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index （PSQI）,self-made life events self-rating scale and Eysenck Personality Questionnaires-Junior were used to evaluate adolescents＇ sleep quality,negative life events and personality respectively. Results： The average score of PSQI was （5.1±2.8）,and 26% of the subjects had sleep problems （PSQI ≥7）.The PSQI scores were lower among the group aged 11 to 14 than among the group aged 15 to 17,and lower among the group aged 15 to 17 than among the group aged 18 to 20[（3.9±2.5）vs.（5.4±2.6） vs.（6.5±2.7）,P〈0.01].The PSQI total scores were positively correlated with the total scores of negative life events and the scores of EPQ-Junior neuroticism and psychoticism （r=0.18-0.54,P〈0.01）,while were negatively correlated with the scores of EPQ-Junior extroversion （r=-0.16,P〈0.001）.The binary logistic regression analysis showed that if negative life events （OR=1.56,P〈0.01） and EPQ-Junior neuroticism （OR=1.23,P〈0.001） get higher scores,the total score of PSQI is likely to get higher. Conclusion： It suggests that the adolescents who have higher scores in neurotic personality and have experienced more negative life events may have poorer sleep qualities.