歌剧《白毛女》版本考略及三次重要修改评述

Investigation of the Opera "White-Haired Girl" Versions and Comments on the Three Significant Modifications

歌剧《白毛女》的创作、修改直至定型经历了8年之久,具有版本学意义的重要修改主要有1946、1947年和50年代初三次,在此其间形成了四个有代表性的版本。如果把《白毛女》的创作和修改看作是一种文化建构过程,可以发现:在解放区三种主要文化力量作用下构成的《白毛女》文本话语体系,最初呈现出一种复杂的状貌。不同话语之间的渗透与磨擦、相融与抵牾,使得文本内涵表现为一种复杂而又具潜在性的意义系统。而三次修改,实际上是代表"五四"传统的知识分子话语逐渐被弱化、被逐出文本话语系统而政治话语巩固其霸主地位的过程。

The creation and modification of the opera ＂White--Haired Girl＂ experienced eight years before the final stereotyping, with three times of significant modifications in t946,1947 and early 1950s, creating four representative versions during these modifications. As the creation and modification of the ＂White -- Haired Girl＂ were treated as a cultural construction process, it can be found that the text discourse system of the ＂White--Haired Girl＂ was constructed and affected by the three major cultural powers in the liberated area. Therefore, it presented a complex appearance. The penetration and friction, fusion and contradiction of the different textual powers built up a complex and potential meaning system in the text connotation. The three times of modifications, in fact, represented that the traditional discourse power of the intellectuals from the May Fourth Movement had been gradually weakened, and was finally expelled from the discourse system, replaced by the political discourse power.