黄河宁夏段洪水冰凌特性与防洪效益分析

Analysis on Characteristics of Ice Flood and Flood Control Benefit in Ningxia Reach of the Yellow River

通过实测数据与历史洪水调查资料对黄河宁夏段洪水发生时间及过程、洪水遭遇情况、冰凌发生几率进行了阐述,分析了近20 a来防洪工程建设后的防洪效益。结果表明:黄河宁夏段冰凌灾害多发河段主要分布在石空—渠口农场、青铜峡—叶盛、望洪—石嘴山河段;宁夏河段1950—2010年间有54 a出现封河,20世纪90年代以来年年封河;经简化计算,建设防洪工程后年均防洪效益为7 180万元,防凌效益约为100万元。

The time and process of good happened, the situation of flood encounter and the occurrence probability of ice flood and the flood control benefits after the construction of the flood control project in the near 20 years were analyzed based on the observation data and investigating data a-bout historical flood in the Ningxia reach of the Yellow River. The results show that ice flood disaster is mainly distributed in the Shikong to Qukou farm, Qingtongxia to Yesheng and Wangbong to Shizuishan reach; from 1950 to 2010, it has appeared to be freeze-up for 54 years, and the freez-up had happened every year since the 1990s; according to simplified calculation, the annual flood control benefit is 71.8 million RMB and ice flood control benefit is about 1 million RMB, after the construction of the flood control project.